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Škůdci hrachu při ekologickém a konvenčním pěstování
Matějková, Lucie
Occurrence of pests has been investigated in the district Vyškov on organically and conventionally grown pea in 2013. Monitoring of insects was carried from May to July using pheromone traps, sticky boards and check of plants. 13 590 individuals were determined on the organic, 6608 on the conventional plot. Acyrthosiphon pisum was the most numerous pest (10 811, 4335 individuals). Parasitism reached 67.5% on the organic plot. Other pests findings on organic and conventional plots were Aphis fabae (70, 88), Kakothrips robustus (1403, 316), Odontothrips confusus (251, 0), Autographa gamma (12, 12), Cecidomyidae (97, 191), Anthomyidae (0, 327). Other phytophagous species (350, 967), predators (159, 66), parasitoids (21, 7), decomposers (1, 17), pollinators (4, 2) and Cyclorrhapha of unknown significance (441, 280) were registered to organic and conventional plots.
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Výskyt obalečů na révě vinné a jejich regulace v podmínkách integrované produkce
Šnajder, Radek
Occurrence of tortricid moths was investigated during the growing season of 2013 in the district of Znojmo using pheromone traps in two vineyards in integrated production and in organic apple orchard. In both vineyards there was registered the occurrence of all three monitored species -- Eupoecilia ambiguella (Hubner, 1796), Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermuller, 1775) and Sparganothis pilleriana (Denis & Schiffermuller, 1775). All species reached higher numbers in the study St. Urban. Lobesia botrana reached the highest numbers (152 total individuals). The first imago was captured on the 3rd of May, the last on the 17th of August. The maximum (26 individuals) was on the 15th of July. Lobesia botrana (76 total individuals) was for the first time identified on the 3rd of May, the last individual was identified on the 17th of August. The maxi-mum (17 individuals) was on the 15th of July. Sparganothis pilleriana (3 imagos) was registered only in vineyards on the 1st of July and on the 10th of July. Diachrysia chry-sitis (L., 1758), Oligia latruncula (Denis & Schiffermuller, 1775), Pasiphila rectangu-lata (L., 1758), Idaea biselata (Hunfagel, 1767) and Neosphaleroptera nubilana (Hüb-ner, 1799) were caught in the trap for Eupoecilia ambiguella. Hofmannophila pseudos-pretella (Stainton, 1849), Agrotis bigramma (Esper, 1790), Idaea biselata (Hunfagel, 1767) were caught in the trap for Lobesia botrana.
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Škodlivost obalečů na ovocných dřevinách ve vybraných sadech na jižní Moravě
Fröhlich, Pavel
During the 2018 season, five species of leaf rollers, which are harmful to fruit trees, were monitored (Cydia pomonella, C. funebrana, C. molesta, Enarmonia formosana and Pandemis heparana). The monitoring was carried out using pheromone traps in fruit orchards in south Moravia (Lednice, Starý Lískovec, Nosislav and Velké Bílovice) with varying wood preservation intensity. C. molesta reached the highest abundance, on average 241 individuals were caught in one pheromone trap, it was observed at all three study plots, in Lednice these species reached the highest abundance with 235 individuals. First imago was caught on the 27th of April, last imago on the 16th of September. One non-target species (Epiblema scutulana) was detected in this pheromone. C. funebrana was the second most abundant species, which was detected at both study plots,on average 148 individuals of C. funebrana were detected in one trap, the highest abundance was found in Lednice (224). First imago was detected on the 7th of May, last imago on the 26th of August. Five non-target species were caught in this pheromone, Gypsonoma sociana, G. nitidulana, G. aceriana, Eucosma fervidana and E. lacteana. Enarmonia formosana reached high abundance, caught at both study plots, 140 individuals were caught on average in one pheromone trap, the highest abundance was in Starý Lískovec with 199 of pieces. Cnephasia stephensiana, in particular, was caught as nontarget species, rarely Eucosma cumulana. Cydia pomonella was found at all three study areas, on average there were 84 individuals in the trap, 150 individuals in Starý Lískovec. First imago was caught on the 26th of April. There were no non-target moth species found in this pheromone trap. Pandemis heparana was registered at two study plots, 15 individuals were caught on average in one trap, the highest abundance was in Starý Lískovec with 19 individuals. P. heparana was not detected in Nosislav. First imago was caught on the 13th of May and the last on the 16th of September. Non-target species Noctua fimbriata and N. interjecta were caught in this pheromone.
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Reakce cílových a necílových druhů na feromony motýlů v arboretu Mendelovy univerzity v Brně
Pražanová, Žaneta
In 2017, pheromone traps were monitored for observed of the target and non-target species in the Mendel University Arboretum and Újezd u Černé Hory. Pheromones were used from Propher s.r.o. Pheromones for Grapholita funebrana (Treitschke, 1835), Grapholita molesta (Busck, 1916) and Pandemis heparana (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) were used. Six pheromone traps of the target species were hanged in the arboretum and three pheromone traps were hanged in the garden in Újezd u Černé Hory. Of the target species were found Grapholita funebrana and Grapholita molesta. Grapholita funebrana was found on both study areas. The Pandemis heparana was not recorded. The 10 non-target species have also been recorded: Cnephasia stephensiana (Doubleday, 1849); Epiblema cirsiana (Zeller, 1843); Pammene spiniana (Duponchel, 1843); Pammene suspectana (Lienig & Zeller, 1846); Pammene gallicolana (Lienig & Zeller, 1846); Tortrix viridana (Linnaeus, 1758); Oegoconia novimundi (Busck, 1915); Yponomeuta malinellus (Zeller, 1838); Crassa unitella (Hübner, 1796) and Argiresthia trifasciata (Staudinger, 1871). In the traps were recorded 270 individuals non-target species. The most attractive pheromone for non-target species was the pheromone for Grapholita molesta. The pheromone for Grapholita molesta was the most attractive pheromone for non-target species. In traps were recorded the pheromone of Grapholita molesta with 181 individuals of 7 non-target species. In traps were recorded the pheromone of Grapholita funebrana with 83 individuals of 7 non-target species. Six individuals of 3 non-target species were recorded in pheromone traps with pheromone for Pandemis heparana.
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Sezónní dynamika a početnost nesytky jabloňové a nesytky rybízové v okolí Lysic
Pavlíčková, Kristýna
The pheromone traps for monitoring of seasonal dynamic and abundance of apple clearwing (Synanthedon myopaeformis Borkhausen, 1789) and currant clearwing moth (Synanthedon tipuliformis Clerk, 1759) has been used near the town Lysice from May to August of the year 2017. During the experiment, their occurrence was compared in intensively (Lysice) and extensively (Lažany) cultivated areas with currants and orchards of apple trees, where older and younger plants are cultivated. In Lažany the flight activity of the males was studied also during the day. In the winter of 2017 and 2018 the occurrence of currant clearwing moth caterpillars was evaluated in the shoots of the currant. At both localities 223 individuals of apple clearwings and 281 individuals of currant clearwings moth were caught. The greater abundance both species was found in intensively cultivated areas on older and damaged host plants. Males of apple clearwing flew to the pheromone traps from 26th May to 9th August, they were caught in the highest abundance around 20th July. Males of currant clearwing moth flew to the pheromone traps from 31st May to 28th July, with a maximum abundance around of 10th July, The adults of both species were intercepted from 9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. The males of apple clearwing moth were caught in the highest abundance at 11:00 a.m. and at 1:00 p.m. The males of currant clearwing moth were caught in the high abundance at 12:00 a.m. During the winter control only one living caterpillar of currant clearwing moth was found. On the plants no damage caused by the examined species clearwings was found, and therefore no pest control is required.
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Možnosti ochrany révy vinné v okrajové oblasti pěstování
Muška, Antonín
Growing of grapevines in the Czech Republic is currently expanding to marginal regions. For the development of grapevine growing, it is necessary to establish a system of integrated protection of this permanent culture. It is important to emphasize that not all experience can be borrowed from traditional wine-growing regions. The aim is to establish a set of measures which include all precautionary measures and biological protection, whilst minimising the use of chemical protection. Monitoring of the occurrence of individual harmful factors is crucial for effective management of the protection. The purpose of this monitoring is to obtain information not only about harmful factors causing economically serious damage, but also about potential harmful factors assumed to be economically signifiant when growing of grapevines is expanded in a given locality. These factors include the European grapevine moth and the vine moth, the occurrence of which I monitored between 2016 and 2017 in a vineyard in the locality of Rokytnice nad Rokytnou, Třebíč District, Vysočina Region. The vineyard is situated in a potato production area, at 535 m altitude. The aim of my work was both this monitoring and making recommendations for growing of grapevines in the given marginal area.
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Verification of fenological model of Ips typographus in the Czech Republic
Haramul, Michael ; Boublík, Karel (advisor) ; Holuša, Jaroslav (referee)
During the months of April and June 2014 the spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) capturing was conducted into the pheromone traps followed by the verification of phenological model PHENIPS altogether at two study locations in the Czech Republic: Horní Planá in the southern Bohemia and Lipník nad Bečvou in the Olomouc region. The trapping was performed weekly with the help of pheromone tabular traps Theysohn which were equipped by pheromone-type evaporators Pheroprax from Chemipan. The aim of the study was to verify the validity of phenological model PHENIPS for the spruce bark beetle in the Czech Republic and verify whether the model is applicable for the Czech Republic. At the end of the 2014 season with the help of phenological models PHENIPS and the number of trapped bark beetle specimen the term of swarming and the term of colonization of host trees were determined. The sister generation activity was probably recorded in the several traps.
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Letová aktivita lýkožrouta borového (Ips sexdentatus) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) v oblasti jižní Moravy
Kahule, Karel
The bachelor thesis deals with the dynamics of six-toothed bak beetle Ips sexdentatus ( Börner , 1767) to the location Breclav Postorna, , district Valtice LZ Židlochovice 2012. The aim was to ascertain : the incidence and population levels, the sex ratio of trapped individuals , evaluate the flight activity in the area of interest. On -week periods was conducted to capture Theysohn type of pheromone traps , which were equipped with pheromone -type evaporators Sextodor . A total of 108 individuals were captured from the bark of pine that 66 females and 42 males .
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